Post by account_disabled on Mar 9, 2024 10:52:49 GMT 2
November 15, 2022 is expected to be the day when the world population reaches 8 billion people, even though the growth rate is slowing. The projection is revealed in the UN's World Population Prospects 2022 report , which also notes that India is on track to overtake China as the world's most populous country by 2023.
The latest UN projections suggest that the world population could reach around 8.5 billion in 2030 and 9.7 billion in 2050, before peaking at around 10.4 billion people during the 2080s, remaing at that level until the year 2100.
However, the annual World Population Prospect report, published last Monday the 15th to coincide with World Population Day, also points out that the world population is growing at its slowest rate since 1950, having fallen to less than 1% in 2020.
Fertility, the report states, has declined markedly in recent decades in many countries: today, two-thirds of the world's population lives in a country or area where lifetime fertility is less than 2.1 births per woman. , approximately the level required for zero long-term growth for a population with low mortality.
Specifically, in 61 countries or areas, the population is expected to decrease by at least 1% over the next three decades, as a result of low levels of fertility sustained over time and, in some cases, high rates of emigration.
On the other hand, the Ecuador Mobile Number List Covid-19 pandemic has also affected demographic change: global life expectancy at birth fell to 71 years in 2021 (compared to 72.9 in 2019) and, in some countries, successive Waves of the pandemic may have produced short-term reductions in the number of pregnancies and births.
According to the report, additional government actions aimed at reducing fertility would have little impact on the pace of population growth between now and mid-century due to the youthful age structure of the current world population. However, the ulative effect of lower fertility, if sustained over several decades, could mean a more substantial slowdown in global population growth in the second half of the century.
In addition to a decline in population growth, the projected increase is concentrated. In that sense, the greatest growth until 2050 is accounted for by only eight countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, geria, Pakistan, the Philippines and Tanzaa. In fact, countries in sub-Saharan Africa are expected to contribute more than half of the projected increase until 2050.
Population growth represents a challenge in the objectives of eradicating poverty, fighting hunger and malnutrition, and increasing the coverage of health and education systems, since population growth is not always accompaed by economic growth of the country or area.
Notwithstanding the above, in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as in parts of Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, fertility rates continue to decline, allowing an increase in the proportion of the working-age population ( 25 to 64 years), which represents an opportuty for economic growth per capita.
The report argues that to make the most of this opportuty, countries must invest in the development of their human capital, ensuring access to quality health and education at all ages, and promoting opportuties for productive employment and decent work.
Further reductions in mortality are also projected to result in an average global longevity of around 77.2 years in 2050. However, in 2021, life expectancy in the least developed countries lagged seven years behind the global average. .
The report recommends that countries with aging populations take steps to adapt public programs to the growing number of older people, establishing uversal healthcare and long-term care systems and improving the sustainability of social security and pension systems.